North Korea Supplies 25-40% of Russia's Artillery Ammunition, Sending 600-Plus Systems
Updated
Updated · Institute for the Study of War · Jul 14
North Korea Supplies 25-40% of Russia's Artillery Ammunition, Sending 600-Plus Systems
3 articles · Updated · Institute for the Study of War · Jul 14
Summary
Ukrainian military intelligence said North Korea now provides an estimated 25-40% of Russia’s artillery ammunition for the war in Ukraine, calling the deliveries systemic and making Pyongyang a key foreign supplier.
More than 600 North Korean artillery systems have reportedly gone to Russia, alongside over 100 KN-23 and KN-24 ballistic missiles; Russia has used at least 80 of those missiles.
Shell shipments have climbed from more than 9 million rounds by end-2024 to 12 million by July 2025 and an estimated 15 million by March 2026, with six Russian artillery units sourcing 50-100% of munitions from North Korea.
Pyongyang can produce 1-2 million artillery shells a year and has turned the trade into economic gain despite sanctions, with North Korea’s economy estimated to have grown 3.7% in 2024.
The arms flow comes as South Korea deepens defense ties with NATO and the United States, moves North Korea has condemned as justification for its own military buildup.
As Russian cash fuels North Korea's highest growth in a decade, are international sanctions now completely obsolete?
With Ukraine as a test lab, is North Korea's missile technology advancing faster than ever before?
While Seoul builds warships for America, is Kim Jong Un preparing his daughter to lead a nuclear-armed state?
North Korea’s 4% Economic Surge in 2024: How Military Aid to Russia Is Reshaping Regional Security and Global Proliferation Risks
Overview
North Korea’s economy saw its fastest growth in eight years in 2024, with industrial zones now three times brighter at night than five years ago, reflecting a surge in industrial output. This economic boost is closely linked to North Korea’s growing role in international military supply chains, especially as it deepens its partnership with Russia. Driven by Russia’s urgent need for munitions in Ukraine and a shared opposition to the United States, the two countries have expanded cooperation. Russia’s shift away from the West and focus on securing influence further strengthens this alliance, reshaping regional dynamics and North Korea’s economic landscape.