The department said the review of Mexican missions across the United States could lead to closures, but gave no details on scope or timing.
It follows conservative-media allegations, disputed by Mexico, that consulates meddle in US politics, aid migrants targeted by raids and discourage assimilation through Spanish-language textbooks.
The move adds strain to a relationship that has mixed cooperation on immigration and security with recent disputes over CIA involvement in a Mexico drug-lab operation and US cartel allegations.
As multiple crises converge, could this review trigger an irreversible break in U.S.-Mexico relations?
With consulate closures looming, what becomes of the 40 million people who depend on their services?
Is the consulate review a response to political claims or leverage for trade and security disputes?